For many Indian tycoons, 2019 turned woeful as lenders -- empowered by the nation’s recent bankruptcy law and desperate to clean up soured debt from their books -- started seizing assets of delinquent firms or dragged them into insolvency.
Indian banks wrote off a record $39 billion of loans in the 18 months through September in a bid to repair their balance sheets as they battled the world’s worst bad debt pile. Making matters worse, a shadow banking crisis led to a funding squeeze, crushing debt-laden businesses that were critically dependent on rollover financing.
“Life has come a full circle for tycoons that had enjoyed debt-fueled growth,” said Nirmal Gangwal, founder of distress and debt restructuring advisory firm Brescon & Allied Partners LLP. “Many firms collapsed like a house of cards. The downfall was rather unprecedented.”
The government has also been cracking down on economic crime to assuage public anger over absconding businessmen. It’s even barred some from traveling overseas if they were deemed a flight risk.
Here are some of the country’s biggest and most-storied businessmen who saw their fortunes fade. Spokespersons for none of these tycoons, except Essar, immediately replied to emails and text messages seeking comments.
Anil Ambani
The chairman of Reliance Group, which makes movies to metro lines, had a close shave with jail time in March before his elder brother and Asia’s richest man, Mukesh Ambani, bailed him out at the last minute. The woes of the ex-billionaire came to the fore when India’s top court asked him to pay Ericsson AB’s India unit about $77 million of past dues or go to jail since Anil Ambani, 60, had given a personal guarantee. His telecom carrier slipped into insolvency this year, while unprofitable Reliance Naval & Engineering Ltd. faced a cash crunch. Reliance Capital Ltd. is selling assets to pare debt. Ambani is also fending off Chinese lenders in a London court.
Malvinder & Shivinder Singh
Karma caught up with ex-billionaires and brothers Malvinder Singh, 47, and Shivinder Singh, 44, and how. Scions of a prominent business family, they once helmed India’s top drug maker and second-largest hospital chain. In October, the two were arrested on charges of fraudulently diverting nearly $337 million from a lender they controlled. India’s market regulator found in 2018 that the brothers had defrauded their hospital company of about $56 million. The collapse of the $2 billion empire turned brother against brother, prompting their mother to broker a peace deal that was short-lived. In February, Malvinder accused Shivinder and their spiritual guru of fraud.
Shashikant & Ravikant Ruia
After a hard-fought battle to keep their flagship steel mill, the first-generation entrepreneurs finally saw the bankrupt Essar Steel India Ltd. pass on to ArcelorMittal last month. The $5.9 billion takeover was almost two years in the making with multiple legal wrangles. The group, controlled by Shashikant Ruia, 76, and Ravikant Ruia, 70, were also reprimanded by a U.K. judge in March this year for concealing documents. Started in 1969 as a construction firm, Essar Group diversified, investing about $18 billion between 2008 and 2012, and piled on debt. In 2017, the group had sold another prized asset, Essar Oil.
Selling an asset to pare a liability shouldn’t be seen as a “lost asset,” an Essar spokesman said, adding that the group remains a diversified conglomerate.
VG Siddhartha
Before jumping off a bridge into a river in July in an apparent suicide, the founder of India’s biggest coffee chain Cafe Coffee Day had penned a letter that spoke of pressure from lenders, a private equity firm and harassment by tax officials. He had spent much of the last two years pledging ever more of Coffee Day Enterprises Ltd. shares to refinance loans for ever shorter periods, at ever higher interest rates. “I would like to say I gave it my all,” V.G. Siddhartha, 60, wrote in the letter. “I fought for a long time but today I gave up.”
Naresh Goyal
The former ticketing agent who built India’s largest airline by value, stepped down as chairman of Jet Airways India Ltd. in March, caving in to pressure from banks who took over the company. Cut-throat price wars and surging costs pushed Jet deeper into loss. The airline stopped flying in April and went into bankruptcy two months later as lenders failed to find a buyer. In July, an Indian court barred Naresh Goyal from flying overseas after the government said it was investigating an alleged $2.6 billion fraud involving Jet Airways.
Rana Kapoor
The founder of Yes Bank Ltd., which became India’s fourth-largest non-state lender, tweeted in September 2018 that his shares were invaluable and requested his children never to sell them upon inheritance. But trouble was brewing. The nation’s banking regulator, which found the lender had repeatedly under-reported its bad loans, refused to extend his tenure as chief executive officer. This forced Rana Kapoor, 62, to step down by end-January. Kapoor, who has pledged some of his Yes Bank shares in July, sold almost his entire stake in the lender by October.
Subhash Chandra
The rice trader-turned-media mogul, 69, who brought cable television into Indian homes in the early 1990s with his ZEE TV, resigned as chairman of Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd. in November and lost control of his crown jewel. Subhash Chandra has been selling stake in Zee Entertainment in the past few months to repay group’s debt.
Gautam Thapar
A default by Gautam Thapar, founder of the paper mill-to-power transmission Avantha Group, on pledged shares made Yes Bank Ltd. the biggest shareholder in CG Power and Industrial Solutions Ltd. In August, the firm was hit by an accounting scandal forcing the board to remove Thapar, 59, from the chairman’s post. A month later, the market regulator ordered a forensic audit of the firm and barred Thapar from accessing securities market.
Comments
this boppa,vijay and naren dont hve the clear picture of this RSS and sangi guys so they brak from there side as they blive we all muslims are blongs to terrorist grp thn can they explain abt this RSS and sangi guys wht they are upto they want to divied the country or make a peace loving country. till now they divied the country by the name of religons .
this guys plan same policy which played by british divied and rule this sangi and RSS are born under there rules this sangis helped thm even nw they do the same.
comment #6 wht u written in last line of ur comment this shld b applied for the people inculding sangi and RSS guys aswel
dont blame we muslims we are very proud INDIAN MUSLIMS
we are proud to b an INDIAN more then u sangi and rss guys
and dont blame others first look into u wht gd deed hve u don till nw this for boppa,vijay and naren
Dear Naren
you dont have 70 virgins ...you have to taste only one that too Najas......... Brother Mustafa left this Duniya as Tippu did . and enjoying the favours from the creator . when he was hacked to death by cowards in the dark with the help of Coward fascist police . no problem we are borned for that we do not mourne but his family will curse you and you sangh .
Bopanna and vijay, every one will know your bulsh*t sangi parivar, you are sitting in and posting comments, stupid come out, you go and fight instead of sending poor in rana rang,
Naren, don't post your stupid and bulsh*t comments, come and fight face to face, Israel is your father country they also like you killing innocent people in back door.................ISIS and RSS is the same.....isis will not attack israel because its born from there only..
Ameen
Bupa, vijaya ..Mangalore ( Naren ignored ) ....Guys if u want to know the truth about this case contact the Vakil Dinesh Hegde Ulapady...before barking
So naren kotian,
Then start to attack anti nationalist first from mohan baaghwath, thogadia and so on means rss must be removed from the route. Then only brotherhood will remain in our great country India.
Jai Hind
same third rated guys rejoiced when muslim gangs killed prashanth poojari ... and yesterday one jihadi sitting in saudi , i think by name ahmed ... said next round will be of kiran shetty :) it shows ... and it says everything ... let it be ... i wish all murderers of prashanth poojari meets same end ,i pray to god ... israel policy follow madle beku ... when anti nationalist strike our eyes , we must strike their heart, kidneys ,eyes , liver ... legs and brain ... then only systerms will be back to normal .
Well said Bopanna....these people(so called peace lovers)they only know to blame RSS...
Dear Bopanna,
What about the gather during poor prashanth poojary funeral.All are belongs to anti India criminal rss group.
Karnataka police dept is well aware about all criminal groups. They never bow to any influence or to any muscle power. They kicked your dirty leader Togadia from airport back to his home town hell.
Jai Hind! Jai Karnataka!
Bopanna seems to have too much of hatred towards mulsims despite being and earning in an Islam country
If he hates muslims he has no moral rights to be, where he is currently
A theif's friend will be another theif only.
Let the police keep an eye on all these people who attended the event - a lot of terrorists there I am sure
Masha Allah great .Rest in peac my brother mustafa.
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