Washington D.C., May 8: The prime time for brain development in a child's life is the first year, where the infant spends most of the time asleep. It is the time when neural connections form and sensory memories are encoded.
However, when sleep is disrupted, as occurs more often among children with autism, brain development may be affected, too.
New research led by the University of Washington finds that sleep problems in a baby's first 12 months may not only precede an autism diagnosis but also may be associated with altered growth trajectory in a key part of the brain, the hippocampus.
The study, which was published in the American Journal of Psychiatry, researchers report that in a sample of more than 400 taken of 6- to 12-month-old infants, those who were later diagnosed with autism were more likely to have had difficulty falling asleep.
It also states that this sleep difficulty was associated with altered growth trajectories in the hippocampus.
"The hippocampus is critical for learning and memory, and changes in the size of the hippocampus have been associated with poor sleep in adults and older children.
As many as 80 per cent of the children with autism spectrum disorder have sleep problems," said Annette Estes, director of the UW Autism Center and senior author of the study.
"In our clinical experience, parents have a lot of concerns about their children's sleep, and in our work on early autism intervention, we observed that sleep problems were holding children and families back," added Estes, who is also a UW professor of speech and hearing sciences.
"It could be that altered sleep is part-and-parcel of autism for some children. One clue is that behavioural interventions to improve sleep don't work for all children with autism, even when their parents are doing everything just right. This suggests that there may be a biological component to sleep problems for some children with autism," said Estes.
To consider links among sleep, brain development, and autism, researchers at the IBIS Network looked at MRI scans of 432 infants, surveyed parents about sleep patterns, and measured cognitive functioning using a standardized assessment.
At the outset of the study, infants were classified according to their risk for developing autism: Those who were at higher risk of developing autism -- about two-thirds of the study sample -- had an older sibling who had already been diagnosed.
Infant siblings of children with autism have a 20 per cent chance of developing autism spectrum disorder -- a much higher risk than children in the general population.
In the current study, 127 of the 432 infants were identified as "low risk" at the time the MRI scans were taken because they had no family history of autism.
They later evaluated all the participants at 24 months of age to determine whether they had developed autism. Of the roughly 300 children originally considered "high familial risk," 71 were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at that age.
Problems with sleep were more common among the infants later diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder, as were larger hippocampi. No other subcortical brain structures were affected, including the amygdala, which is responsible for certain emotions and aspects of memory, or the thalamus, a signal transmitter from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex.
The authors note that while parents reported more sleep difficulties among infants who developed autism compared to those who did not, the differences were very subtle and only observed when looking at group averages across hundreds of infants.
Sleep patterns in the first years of life change rapidly as infants transition from sleeping around the clock to a more adult-like sleep/wake cycle. Until further research is completed, Estes said, it is not possible to interpret challenges with sleep as an early sign of increased risk for autism.
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I am sure that viren kotian is also a partner of this Tantri and that is the reason he is supporting him blindly. such rapists shuld be hanged in public. they have no right to live. shame on you viren for supporting a rapist who is worst that animal.
This type of so called TANTRY are in all communities. Not only in Hindus.
This act continues, as long as there is unwise/ foolish customers.
Waiting until the mishap happens is a big foolishness.
The public should identify such TANTRIKS in their locality and prevent them from their mull-practice.
with the foolishness her parents handed-over girl to that cruel person.
first have to punish her parents. and next better to remove any one of the parts of his body.
with the foolishness of that parents, directly they handed over that girl to that cruel person. first have to punish that parents.
This is kind of Tantik Love Jihad???
QURAN is not just for MUSLIMS. it is for the whole of MANKIND ...
ALLAH taught us HOw to be protected from evil in the QURAN>>>
NO need any third person... U just need to PONDER & act on what it says...
Its time to keep MEDIA away ignore the FALSE news which spreads about Muslims and ISLAM...
If YOU really want to know what ISLAM says THEN Read QURAN and PONDER on it... It will Save such traps of TAntris, Swamis, Jotiysa trap and other evils that are spread in our Society.
Look for the TRUTH,,, unless We look - who is the CREATOR...
We all will fall into such types of TRAP to the devil worshipers...
Please Learn QURAN (quran project com) U will understand How evil plays his role, when we worship FALSE Gods...
@ VIREN KOTIAN ,
U R FAKE FAKE PROMISE FAKE
BUT NEWS IS NOT FAKE THATS TRUE NEWS,
WE TRUST 'COASTAL DIGEST' MORE THEN FAKE BJP GOVERMNT..
Ache Din hum sab ke saamne...
Ache Din for Gundas
Ache Din for Rapist
Ache Din for Cows.
For Common people Babaji ka Tollu.
Wa Wa Master Veren Kottttain which part of the worldd you leaving???? you Maharaya looks like something fisheyy?? about you Maharaya any keep it on going The Day will come to know every one is it Faaku or Tanrtu????
Dear Viren
I think you are a bhakt of this Tantrik.
show your guts now!!
What happened all these Tantris??? keep all these Goonda rapist in a Dark Iron room for eve, good luck you Department's.
no mercy ,
please hang him or cut his private part...
This is called 'acche din' in NaMo's language
Fake news. only on cd
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