Within the Decade: Driverless Cars, Cigaretteless Cigarettes

April 20, 2013

Cigaretteless_CigarettesCigarette sales have long been in decline, and the pace accelerated in first quarter of 2013, with Wells Fargo today predicting sales volume was down 4.5% over the same period last year.

That is above the historic average of 3-4% falls, and may have been helped along by economic factors like higher gas prices and the payroll tax increase, which took enough cash out of low-to-middle income pockets to impact spending on semi-discretionary purchases like cigarettes.

But another factor at play, the bank said, was the growing popularity of electronic cigarettes, which are winning both converts and trial users thanks to more advertising and better distribution.

For the uninitiated, an electronic cigarette is essentially a cigarette-shaped tube that delivers users a vaporized hit of nicotine when they puff on it — there’s no tobacco, or smoke, or fire involved in the whole process. Aside from the health benefits of quitting smoking, electronic cigarettes can also theoretically be used in places where smoking is banned, like offices and restaurants, although health regulations surrounding this are still taking shape.

A full 100% of the tobacco resalers and wholesalers surveyed by the bank — representing more than 45,000 U.S. convenience stores — said they are now selling the so-called e-cigarettes, and 98% said sales were growing in the first quarter, by an average of 30%.

It’s still a small market, so those kind of numbers can be attributed in part to the small base they are growing from. But Wells Fargo thinks the e-cigarette sales could hit $1 billion in 2013, and “could surpass traditional cigs in the next decade.”

(Some context on that $1 billion figure: tobacco is a $100 billion market in America)

Here’s how survey respondents described the state of the market for e-cigarettes:

One tipping point is that repeat purchases are now outnumbering trial purchases, suggesting the e-cigarettes are winning dedicated users away from regular tobacco. And another could come when some of the tobacco industry’s biggest players step decisively into the market, which is currently being led by players like privately-held NJOY and blu, a brand that was bought by tobacco company Lorillard last year.

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Agencies
June 23,2020

The record levels of new daily COVID-19 cases are due to the fact that the pandemic is peaking in a number of big countries at the same time and reflect a change in the virus' global activity, the World Health Organisation said.

At a media briefing on Monday, WHO's emergencies chief Dr Michael Ryan said that the numbers are increasing because the epidemic is developing in a number of populous countries at the same time.

Some countries have attributed their increased caseload to more testing, including India and the US But Ryan dismissed that explanation.

We do not believe this is a testing phenomenon, he said, noting that numerous countries have also noted marked increases in hospital admissions and deaths neither of which cannot be explained by increased testing.

There definitely is a shift in that the virus is now very well established, Ryan said. The epidemic is now peaking or moving towards a peak in a number of large countries.

He added the situation was definitely accelerating in a number of countries, including the US and others in South Asia, the Middle East and Africa.

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Agencies
March 27,2020

New Delhi, Mar 27: The Centre has restricted sale and distribution of "hydroxychloroquine" declaring it as an essential drug to treat the COVID-19 patients and meet the requirements of emergency arising due to the pandemic.

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on Thursday made the announcement making it clear that the order "shall come into force on the date of its publication in the official Gazette".

In the order, the government declared that the Central government is "satisfied that the drug hydroxychloroquine is essential to meet the requirements of emergency arising due to pandemic COVID-19 and in the public interest, it is necessary and expedient to regulate and restrict the sale and distribution of the drug 'hydroxychloroquine' and preparation based thereon for preventing their misuse".

"Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by Section 26B of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 (23 of 1940), the Central government hereby directs that sale by retail of any preparation containing the drug Hydroxychloroquine shall be in accordance with the conditions for sale of drugs specified in Schedule H1 to the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945."

The order came at a time when the novel coronavirus claimed 16 lives and infected over 600 people across India.

The announcement regarding ban of sale and distribution of the drug was made by the government earlier but it issued an official Gazette notification on Thursday signalling that hydroxychloroquine -- an anti-Malaria drug -- will work as a medicine for treating coronavirus infected patients as well.

Recently, the national task force for COVID-19 constituted by Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) has recommended hydroxy-chloroquine as a preventive medication.

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Agencies
June 22,2020

A team of scientists has produced first open source all-atom models of full-length COVID-19 Spike protein that facilitates viral entry into host cells – a discovery that can facilitate a faster vaccine and antiviral drug development.

The group from Seoul National University in South Korea, University of Cambridge in the UK and Lehigh University in the US produced the first open-source all-atom models of a full-length S protein.

The researchers say this is of particular importance because the S protein plays a central role in viral entry into cells, making it a main target for vaccine and antiviral drug development.

"Our models are the first full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein models that are available to other scientists," said Wonpil Im, a professor in Lehigh University.

"Our team spent days and nights to build these models very carefully from the known cryo-EM structure portions. Modeling was very challenging because there were many regions where simple modeling failed to provide high-quality models," he wrote in a paper published in The Journal of Physical Chemistry B.

Scientists can use the models to conduct innovative and novel simulation research for the prevention and treatment of Covid-19.

Though the coronavirus uses many different proteins to replicate and invade cells, the Spike protein is the major surface protein that it uses to bind to a receptor.

The total number of global COVID-19 cases was nearing 9 million, while the deaths have increased to over 467,000, according to the Johns Hopkins University.

With 2,279,306 cases and 119,967 deaths, the US continues with the world's highest number of COVID-19 infections and fatalities, according to the CSSE.

Brazil comes in the second place with 1,083,341 infections and 50,591 deaths.

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