For many Indian tycoons, 2019 turned woeful as lenders -- empowered by the nation’s recent bankruptcy law and desperate to clean up soured debt from their books -- started seizing assets of delinquent firms or dragged them into insolvency.
Indian banks wrote off a record $39 billion of loans in the 18 months through September in a bid to repair their balance sheets as they battled the world’s worst bad debt pile. Making matters worse, a shadow banking crisis led to a funding squeeze, crushing debt-laden businesses that were critically dependent on rollover financing.
“Life has come a full circle for tycoons that had enjoyed debt-fueled growth,” said Nirmal Gangwal, founder of distress and debt restructuring advisory firm Brescon & Allied Partners LLP. “Many firms collapsed like a house of cards. The downfall was rather unprecedented.”
The government has also been cracking down on economic crime to assuage public anger over absconding businessmen. It’s even barred some from traveling overseas if they were deemed a flight risk.
Here are some of the country’s biggest and most-storied businessmen who saw their fortunes fade. Spokespersons for none of these tycoons, except Essar, immediately replied to emails and text messages seeking comments.
Anil Ambani
The chairman of Reliance Group, which makes movies to metro lines, had a close shave with jail time in March before his elder brother and Asia’s richest man, Mukesh Ambani, bailed him out at the last minute. The woes of the ex-billionaire came to the fore when India’s top court asked him to pay Ericsson AB’s India unit about $77 million of past dues or go to jail since Anil Ambani, 60, had given a personal guarantee. His telecom carrier slipped into insolvency this year, while unprofitable Reliance Naval & Engineering Ltd. faced a cash crunch. Reliance Capital Ltd. is selling assets to pare debt. Ambani is also fending off Chinese lenders in a London court.
Malvinder & Shivinder Singh
Karma caught up with ex-billionaires and brothers Malvinder Singh, 47, and Shivinder Singh, 44, and how. Scions of a prominent business family, they once helmed India’s top drug maker and second-largest hospital chain. In October, the two were arrested on charges of fraudulently diverting nearly $337 million from a lender they controlled. India’s market regulator found in 2018 that the brothers had defrauded their hospital company of about $56 million. The collapse of the $2 billion empire turned brother against brother, prompting their mother to broker a peace deal that was short-lived. In February, Malvinder accused Shivinder and their spiritual guru of fraud.
Shashikant & Ravikant Ruia
After a hard-fought battle to keep their flagship steel mill, the first-generation entrepreneurs finally saw the bankrupt Essar Steel India Ltd. pass on to ArcelorMittal last month. The $5.9 billion takeover was almost two years in the making with multiple legal wrangles. The group, controlled by Shashikant Ruia, 76, and Ravikant Ruia, 70, were also reprimanded by a U.K. judge in March this year for concealing documents. Started in 1969 as a construction firm, Essar Group diversified, investing about $18 billion between 2008 and 2012, and piled on debt. In 2017, the group had sold another prized asset, Essar Oil.
Selling an asset to pare a liability shouldn’t be seen as a “lost asset,” an Essar spokesman said, adding that the group remains a diversified conglomerate.
VG Siddhartha
Before jumping off a bridge into a river in July in an apparent suicide, the founder of India’s biggest coffee chain Cafe Coffee Day had penned a letter that spoke of pressure from lenders, a private equity firm and harassment by tax officials. He had spent much of the last two years pledging ever more of Coffee Day Enterprises Ltd. shares to refinance loans for ever shorter periods, at ever higher interest rates. “I would like to say I gave it my all,” V.G. Siddhartha, 60, wrote in the letter. “I fought for a long time but today I gave up.”
Naresh Goyal
The former ticketing agent who built India’s largest airline by value, stepped down as chairman of Jet Airways India Ltd. in March, caving in to pressure from banks who took over the company. Cut-throat price wars and surging costs pushed Jet deeper into loss. The airline stopped flying in April and went into bankruptcy two months later as lenders failed to find a buyer. In July, an Indian court barred Naresh Goyal from flying overseas after the government said it was investigating an alleged $2.6 billion fraud involving Jet Airways.
Rana Kapoor
The founder of Yes Bank Ltd., which became India’s fourth-largest non-state lender, tweeted in September 2018 that his shares were invaluable and requested his children never to sell them upon inheritance. But trouble was brewing. The nation’s banking regulator, which found the lender had repeatedly under-reported its bad loans, refused to extend his tenure as chief executive officer. This forced Rana Kapoor, 62, to step down by end-January. Kapoor, who has pledged some of his Yes Bank shares in July, sold almost his entire stake in the lender by October.
Subhash Chandra
The rice trader-turned-media mogul, 69, who brought cable television into Indian homes in the early 1990s with his ZEE TV, resigned as chairman of Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd. in November and lost control of his crown jewel. Subhash Chandra has been selling stake in Zee Entertainment in the past few months to repay group’s debt.
Gautam Thapar
A default by Gautam Thapar, founder of the paper mill-to-power transmission Avantha Group, on pledged shares made Yes Bank Ltd. the biggest shareholder in CG Power and Industrial Solutions Ltd. In August, the firm was hit by an accounting scandal forcing the board to remove Thapar, 59, from the chairman’s post. A month later, the market regulator ordered a forensic audit of the firm and barred Thapar from accessing securities market.
Comments
Real face of India
Hats of to Bahrain PM. Thanks for helping poor. Our PM is busy with Foriegn Trips. Once he is back he will start Mann Ki Bath. No time.
@ Real Indian - Tired of hearing such jokes.. Please kuch aur sunao bhakt :D Why we cant blame praveen cowgadiya?
Dont blame Modi, he has given crores of rupees of Indian tax payers money to Orissa, blame the despot naveen patnaik, pseudo communist, who has failed his people
And bhainchod suar ka pilla has no time for the poor ! Must b preparing for another selfie with his g@nd towards a big black mamba ! Saaala suar busy in monkey baat !
If anyone had watched the \Ekees thopon ki saalami\" movie, this is what should be done to the Politicians and government officials when they pass away. Human nature seems to be disappearing from the Indian psyche. And should I feel proud to be an Indian?"
PM will say what can I do, it's CM work.
CM will say what can I do, it's hospital responsibility.
Hospital will say what can they do, no one asked them for vehicle.
When those sitting in responsible chairs cannot do anything, obviously someone somewhere may act. This time its Bahrain PM.
Our PM is very busy man....
I think Sushma Madam would be a better choice for PM than Moddi sir... heard she is very active in responding.... She is responding to all tweets... keep it up madam...
Slap on CMs face, still he is showing his arrogance, his response in bangalore was \i will look into it\" doest know that as the leader of his state, he carries great responsibility, even the prince of the royal family of bahrain responded, now the whole world sees what a despotic place Orissa is and how degraded it has become, inspite of crores of rupees of central assistance, hope he resigns in disgrace"
People dont help when someone is alive, what can you expect from us to do, once a person dies.
All the people feeling bad about this situation, would have passed by this poor person, without helping him. Words and Action dont rhyme in this nation.
The poor/under privileged are living a life of death and the dead have no place to go.
This incident is no ones mistake, its the fate of poor people.
No one is responsible. No one.
These people are considered Dalits & OBC so not a priority for any political party until elections....Forget PM , his hands are messy with Kashmiri pulao on his plate , ...why is the Odisha CM and even Home ministry silent ?
Talking of \HELL\" ......to this family, hell ...is here at home !! sad
If RSS gets involved with helping the communities here......they'll surely get their Conversions quota too...."
Dead people won't vote. Why should politicians care for dead people !
Ask Modiji about his mann ki baat about this incident. Acche Din are only for Ambanis, Adanis etc. For people like Dana Majhi acche din is only in dreams.
This is what Islam Teaches. Muslims do not judge people by their CASTE or COLOUR. Try to learn about Islam before its too late. Because a day will come where you have to bit your own finger for not realizing mistakes and for not accepting the the TRUE religion.
tax will be charged for the donation by Indian govt.. That's for sure.. Shame, a big shame..
all issues and problems in odisha is due to present cm navin patnaik never questioned.un opposed and un married like feku smooth operator. if his close friend wants to help his friend all his unquestioned support in lok sabha by his obedient mps. since neaeen problems are personnel. only aasaram bapu can help him with his resources and bapus self deep knowledge, feku should go out of the way and help naveen. may be he can send bapu with his full team on parole to kalinga emperor patnaik.
bharath mata ki jai
lower caste, Muslim and tribal are continued to be oppressed and suffer in a country where seventh richest people live. Exploitation of lower caste is divine and is authorised in the holy books too. Kind gesture by a muslim ruler explains how 500 years back most of the low caste got converted to islam to live and die in dignity.
Thank you his highness.
Is the Collector of Kalahandi is not a family man? How did he ask such question when the poor man was carrying the dead body of his wife along with her minor daughter from the bed of Medical. Thanks to His Royal Highness Prime Minister Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa,Bahraini for his generosity. In our country, no one is looking after the interest of poor.
If Modi has paid 15 laks as promised, then Dana Majhi, would not have seen this situation ....
Prime Minister from a Tiny muslim country feels the humanity.PM of our billion people & other rich tycoons of country never bothers for humanity.
But , Islam show always the humanity.
Dear Naren may he is from bangladesh ?
In reality it is the responsibility of the authorities to look every citizens of that country... But as the news spread in social media, all the political party who should have been working prior to the incident are now becoming active and taking the lead in misguiding the people....
People should understand the reality and elect the leaders who are working in your area... its time that WE people should unite and work for the betterment of our society and reject those who try to disrupt the society... Recognise the leaders who work in your area and prepare for it.
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